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[TUTORIAL]-construye un osciloscopio económico con arduino

15591 Visitas 2 Gustó Publicado en: 20/06/2019
Por Elkin fabian cedeno chala





Este proyecto demuestra como tomar algunas partes simples, agregar un código no tan simple y construir un Osciloscopio de un canal. Usando un Arduino uno como procesador de las señales a leer, y la pantalla LCD TFT táctil de 2.4 pulgadas, para graficar estas señales. Tenemos excelentes guías sobre la pantalla LCD TFT táctil de 2.4 pulgadas para que estés al tanto de este hardware.

Materiales y partes
  

Pasos y Diseño

El proceso de hacer este proyecto es bastante fácil, sólo debes conectar la Lcd a tu Arduino UNO. 


Haz que coincidan los pines 

IMG_8413.jpg
Podemos imprimir en 3D un buen soporte para la visualización de la pantalla LCD, aunque también puedes hacerlo en cualquier material. El esquema de la caja, puedes descargarlo  aquí. 



El soporte lo puedes hacer en el material que desees.

  


 




Software 

Para la programación de la pantalla, nos basamos en el lenguaje de Arduino, que es un lenguaje fácil de entender y programar.

Asegúrate de conectar el Arduino a tu computador (Linux, MAC, PC), con un Cable USB tipo A-micro USB tipo B, y asegúrate que en el Jack del Arduino, entró bien el cable. 

Una vez que hayas conectado el Arduino al Pc, copias y pegas el siguiente código en el entorno de Arduino, compilas y cargas. 

#include <SPFD5408_Adafruit_GFX.h> // Core graphics library
#include <SPFD5408_Adafruit_TFTLCD.h> // Hardware-specific library
#include <SPFD5408_TouchScreen.h>

#define YP A2 // must be an analog pin, use "An" notation!
#define XM A3 // must be an analog pin, use "An" notation!
#define YM 8 // can be a digital pin
#define XP 9 // can be a digital pin

#define LCD_CS A3 // Chip Select goes to Analog 3
#define LCD_CD A2 // Command/Data goes to Analog 2
#define LCD_WR A1 // LCD Write goes to Analog 1
#define LCD_RD A0 // LCD Read goes to Analog 0
#define LCD_RESET A4 // you can also just connect RESET to the arduino RESET pin. *if so just //comment line out

#define YP A3 // must be an analog pin, use "An" notation! A1 for shield
#define XM A2 // must be an analog pin, use "An" notation! A2 for shield
#define YM 9 // can be a digital pin-----uno=9 mega=23 7 for shield
#define XP 8 // can be a digital pin-----uno=8 mega=22 6 for shield
TouchScreen ts = TouchScreen(XP, YP, XM, YM, 300);
#define TS_MINX 150
#define TS_MINY 120
#define TS_MAXX 920
#define TS_MAXY 940
float V1 = {0.00};
float volt1;
// Color definitions - in 5:6:5
#define BLACK 0x0000
#define BLUE 0x001F
#define RED 0xF800
#define GREEN 0x07E0
#define CYAN 0x07FF
#define MAGENTA 0xF81F
#define YELLOW 0xFFE0
#define WHITE 0xFFFF
//NEM KELL MAJF
#define MINPRESSURE 10
#define MAXPRESSURE 1000
Adafruit_TFTLCD tft(LCD_CS, LCD_CD, LCD_WR, LCD_RD, LCD_RESET);
#define txtLINE0 0
#define txtLINE1 16
#define txtLINE2 30
#define txtLINE3 46

int high_time;
int low_time;
float time_period;
float frequency;
const int LCD_WIDTH = 320;
const int LCD_HEIGHT = 240;
const int SAMPLES = 270;
const int DOTS_DIV = 30;
const int ad_ch0 = 4; // Analog 4 pin for channel 0
const int ad_ch1 = 5; // Analog 5 pin for channel 1
const unsigned long VREF[] = {150, 300, 750, 1500, 3000};
const int MILLIVOL_per_dot[] = {33, 17, 6, 3, 2}; // mV/dot
const int MODE_ON = 0;
const int MODE_INV = 1;
const int MODE_OFF = 2;
const char *Modes[] = {"NORM", "INV", "OFF"};
const int TRIG_AUTO = 0;
const int TRIG_NORM = 1;
const int TRIG_SCAN = 2;
const int TRIG_ONE = 3;
const char *TRIG_Modes[] = {"Auto", "Norm", "Scan", "One"};
const int TRIG_E_UP = 0;
const int TRIG_E_DN = 1;
#define RATE_MIN 0
#define RATE_MAX 13
const char *Rates[] = {"F1-1", "F1-2 ", "F2 ", "5ms", "10ms", "20ms", "50ms", "0.1s", "0.2s", "0.5s", "1s", "2s", "5s", "10s"};
#define RANGE_MIN 0
#define RANGE_MAX 4
const char *Ranges[] = {" 1V ", "0.5V", "0.2V", "0.1V", "50mV"};
unsigned long startMillis;
byte data[4][SAMPLES];
byte sample=0;

#define BGCOLOR BLACK
#define GRIDCOLOR WHITE
#define CH1COLOR BLUE
#define CH2COLOR YELLOW
#define BLACK 0x0000
#define BLUE 0x001F
#define RED 0xF800
#define GREEN 0x07E0
#define CYAN 0x07FF
#define MAGENTA 0xF81F
#define YELLOW 0xFFE0
#define WHITE 0xFFFF
#define VRF 5

byte range0 = RANGE_MIN, ch0_mode = MODE_OFF; // CH0
short ch0_off = 204;
byte range1 = RANGE_MIN, ch1_mode = MODE_ON; // CH1
short ch1_off = 204;
byte rate = 1; // sampling rate
byte trig_mode = TRIG_AUTO, trig_lv = 30, trig_edge = TRIG_E_UP, trig_ch = 1; // trigger settings
byte Start = 1; // Start sampling
byte menu = 0; // Default menu

void setup(){
Serial.begin(9600);
tft.reset();

uint16_t identifier = tft.readID();
if(identifier == 0x9325) {
Serial.println(F("ILI9325 LCD driver"));
} else if(identifier == 0x9327) {
Serial.println(F("ILI9327 LCD driver"));
} else if(identifier == 0x9328) {
Serial.println(F("ILI9328 LCD driver"));
} else if(identifier == 0x7575) {
Serial.println(F("HX8347G LCD driver"));
} else if(identifier == 0x9341) {
Serial.println(F("ILI9341 LCD driver"));
} else if(identifier == 0x8357) {
Serial.println(F("HX8357D LCD driver"));
} else if(identifier == 0x0154) {
Serial.println(F("S6D0154 LCD driver"));
} else {
Serial.print(F("Ismeretlen meghajto ic: "));
Serial.println(identifier, HEX);
return;
}

tft.begin(identifier);
tft.setRotation(1);
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
tft.setTextColor(RED);
tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.setCursor(75, 100);
tft.print("OSCILOSCOPIO");
tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
tft.setCursor(75, 120);
tft.print("Arduino pantalla LCD");
tft.setTextColor(GREEN);
tft.setCursor(75, 140);
//tft.print("Espera...");
tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.setCursor(1, 200);
tft.print("VISTRONICA MAKER");
delay(10000);
tft.fillScreen(BGCOLOR);
Serial.begin(9600);
DrawGrid();
DrawText();
}

void SendData() {
Serial.print(Rates[rate]);
Serial.println("/div (30 samples)");
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++) {
Serial.print(data[sample + 0][i]*MILLIVOL_per_dot[range0]);
Serial.print(" ");
Serial.println(data[sample + 1][i]*MILLIVOL_per_dot[range1]);
}
}

void DrawGrid() {
for (int x=0; x<=SAMPLES; x += 2) { // Horizontal Line
for (int y=0; y<=LCD_HEIGHT; y += DOTS_DIV) {
tft.drawPixel(x, y, GRIDCOLOR);

}
if (LCD_HEIGHT == 240)
tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT-1, GRIDCOLOR);
}
for (int x=0; x<=SAMPLES; x += DOTS_DIV ) { // Vertical Line
for (int y=0; y<=LCD_HEIGHT; y += 2) {
tft.drawPixel(x, y, GRIDCOLOR);

}
}
}

void DrawText() {
tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.setCursor(SAMPLES+3, 20);
tft.print(Ranges[range1]);
tft.println("/DIV");
tft.setCursor(SAMPLES+3, 30);
tft.print(Rates[rate]);
tft.println("/DIV");
tft.setCursor(SAMPLES+3, 40);
tft.println(TRIG_Modes[trig_mode]);
tft.setCursor(SAMPLES+3, 50);
tft.println(trig_edge == TRIG_E_UP ? "UP" : "DN");
tft.setCursor(SAMPLES+3, 60);
tft.println(Modes[ch1_mode]);

#if 0
GLCD.FillRect(101,txtLINE0,28,64, WHITE);

switch (menu) {
case 0:
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE0);
GLCD.Puts(Ranges[range0]);
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE1);
GLCD.Puts(Ranges[range1]);
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE2);
GLCD.Puts(Rates[rate]);
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE3);
GLCD.Puts(TRIG_Modes[trig_mode]);
break;
case 1:
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE0);
GLCD.Puts("OF1");
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE1);
GLCD.Puts("OF2");
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE2);
GLCD.Puts("Tlv");
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE3);
GLCD.Puts(trig_edge == TRIG_E_UP ? "UP" : "DN");
break;
case 2:
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE0);
GLCD.Puts(Modes[ch0_mode]);
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE1);
GLCD.Puts(Modes[ch1_mode]);
GLCD.GotoXY(SAMPLES + 1,txtLINE2);
GLCD.Puts(trig_ch == 0 ? "T:1" : "T:2");
break;
}
#endif
}

void DrawGrid(int x) {
if ((x % 2) == 0)
for (int y=0; y<=LCD_HEIGHT; y += DOTS_DIV)
tft.drawPixel(x, y, GRIDCOLOR);
if ((x % DOTS_DIV) == 0)
for (int y=0; y<=LCD_HEIGHT; y += 2)
tft.drawPixel(x, y, GRIDCOLOR);
}

void ClearAndDrawGraph() {
int clear = 0;

if (sample == 0)
clear = 2;
#if 0
for (int x=0; x<SAMPLES; x++) {
GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+0][x], WHITE);
GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+1][x], WHITE);
GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+0][x], BLACK);
GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+1][x], BLACK);
}
#else
for (int x=0; x<(SAMPLES-1); x++) {
tft.drawLine(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+0][x], x+1, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+0][x+1], BGCOLOR);
tft.drawLine(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+1][x], x+1, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+1][x+1], BGCOLOR);
if (ch0_mode != MODE_OFF)
tft.drawLine(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+0][x], x+1, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+0][x+1], CH1COLOR);
if (ch1_mode != MODE_OFF)
tft.drawLine(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+1][x], x+1, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+1][x+1], CH2COLOR);

}
#endif
}

void ClearAndDrawDot(int i) {
int clear = 0;

if (i <= 1)
return;
if (sample == 0)
clear = 2;
#if 0
for (int x=0; x<SAMPLES; x++) {
GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+0][x], WHITE);
GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+1][x], WHITE);
GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+0][x], BLACK);
GLCD.SetDot(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+1][x], BLACK);
}
#else
tft.drawLine(i-1, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+0][i-1], i, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+0][i], BGCOLOR);
tft.drawLine(i-1, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+1][i-1], i, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+1][i], BGCOLOR);
if (ch0_mode != MODE_OFF)
tft.drawLine(i-1, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+0][i-1], i, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+0][i], CH1COLOR);
if (ch1_mode != MODE_OFF)
tft.drawLine(i-1, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+1][i-1], i, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+1][i], CH2COLOR);
#endif
DrawGrid(i);
}

void DrawGraph() {
for (int x=0; x<SAMPLES; x++) {
tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+0][x], CH1COLOR);
tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[sample+1][x], CH2COLOR);
}
}

void ClearGraph() {
int clear = 0;

if (sample == 0)
clear = 2;
for (int x=0; x<SAMPLES; x++) {
tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+0][x], BGCOLOR);
tft.drawPixel(x, LCD_HEIGHT-data[clear+1][x], BGCOLOR);
}
}

inline unsigned long adRead(byte ch, byte mode, int off)
{
unsigned long a = analogRead(ch);
a = ((a+off)*VREF[ch == ad_ch0 ? range0 : range1]+512) >> 10;
a = a>=(LCD_HEIGHT+1) ? LCD_HEIGHT : a;
if (mode == MODE_INV)
return LCD_HEIGHT - a;
return a;
}


void loop() {
if (trig_mode != TRIG_SCAN) {
unsigned long st = millis();
byte oad;
if (trig_ch == 0)
oad = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off);
else
oad = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off);
for (;;) {
byte ad;
if (trig_ch == 0)
ad = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off);
else
ad = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off);

if (trig_edge == TRIG_E_UP) {
if (ad >= trig_lv && ad > oad)
break;
} else {
if (ad <= trig_lv && ad < oad)
break;
}
oad = ad;


if (trig_mode == TRIG_SCAN)
break;
if (trig_mode == TRIG_AUTO && (millis() - st) > 100)
break;
}
}


if (rate <= 5 && Start) {
if (sample == 0)
sample = 2;
else
sample = 0;

if (rate == 0) {
unsigned long st = millis();
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++) {
data[sample+0][i] = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off);
}
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++)
data[sample+1][i] = 0;
} else if (rate == 1) {
unsigned long st = millis();
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++) {
data[sample+1][i] = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off);
}
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++)
data[sample+0][i] = 0;
} else if (rate == 2) {
unsigned long st = millis();
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++) {
data[sample+0][i] = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off);
data[sample+1][i] = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off);
}

} else if (rate >= 3 && rate <= 5) {
const unsigned long r_[] = {5000/DOTS_DIV, 10000/DOTS_DIV, 20000/DOTS_DIV};
unsigned long st0 = millis();
unsigned long st = micros();
unsigned long r = r_[rate - 3];
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++) {
while((st - micros())<r) ;
st += r;
data[sample+0][i] = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off);
data[sample+1][i] = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off);
}

}
ClearAndDrawGraph();

DrawGrid();
DrawText();
} else if (Start) {

if (sample == 0) {
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++) {
data[2][i] = data[0][i];
data[3][i] = data[1][i];
}
} else {
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++) {
data[0][i] = data[2][i];
data[1][i] = data[3][i];
}
}

const unsigned long r_[] = {50000/DOTS_DIV, 100000/DOTS_DIV, 200000/DOTS_DIV,
500000/DOTS_DIV, 1000000/DOTS_DIV, 2000000/DOTS_DIV,
5000000/DOTS_DIV, 10000000/DOTS_DIV};
unsigned long st0 = millis();
unsigned long st = micros();
for (int i=0; i<SAMPLES; i ++) {
while((st - micros())<r_[rate-6]) {

if (rate<6)
break;
}
if (rate<6) {
tft.fillScreen(BGCOLOR);
break;
}
st += r_[rate-6];
if (st - micros()>r_[rate-6])
st = micros();
if (!Start) {
i --;
continue;
}
data[sample+0][i] = adRead(ad_ch0, ch0_mode, ch0_off);
data[sample+1][i] = adRead(ad_ch1, ch1_mode, ch1_off);
ClearAndDrawDot(i);
}
// Serial.println(millis()-st0);
DrawGrid();
DrawText();
} else {

}
if (trig_mode == TRIG_ONE)
Start = 0;

TSPoint p = ts.getPoint();

//pinMode(XP, OUTPUT);
pinMode(XM, OUTPUT);
pinMode(YP, OUTPUT);
//pinMode(YM, OUTPUT);


p.x = map(p.x, TS_MINX, TS_MAXX, 0, 240);
p.y = map(p.y, TS_MINY, TS_MAXY, 0, 320);

// s/div buttin
tft.fillRect(275, 75, 40, 20, RED);
tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
tft.setCursor(280, 80);
tft.println("S/DIV");
if (p.y > 270 && p.y < 305 && p.x > 65 && p.x < 85) {

tft.fillRect(275, 75, 40, 20, GREEN);
tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
tft.setCursor(280, 80);
tft.println("S/DIV");
tft.fillRect(275, 75, 40, 20, RED);
tft.setTextColor(GREEN);
tft.setCursor(280, 80);
tft.println("S/DIV");
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
if (rate < RATE_MAX)
{
rate ++;
}
else if (rate = RATE_MAX)
{
rate = RATE_MIN;

}
}
//s/div end

//v/div button

tft.fillRect(275, 100, 40, 20, RED);
tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
tft.setCursor(280, 105);
tft.println("V/DIV");
if (p.y > 272 && p.y < 305 && p.x > 95 && p.x < 115) {


tft.fillRect(275, 100, 40, 20, GREEN);
tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
tft.setCursor(280, 105);
tft.println("V/DIV");
tft.fillRect(275, 100, 40, 20, RED);
tft.setTextColor(GREEN);
tft.setCursor(280, 105);
tft.println("V/DIV");
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
if (range1 < RANGE_MAX)
{
range1 ++;
}
else if (range1 = RANGE_MAX)
{
range1 = RANGE_MIN;

}
}
//v/div end

//TRIG BUTTON
<span style="font-family: 'comic san
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Etiquetas : 3D, Arduino, Arduino uno, Comunidad maker, Electrónica, Electronico, Impresion 3d, Lcd tft tactil, Maker, Osciloscopio, Somos maker, Totorial, Vistronica
Publicado en: Proyectos Con Arduino

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